The way that the mind works, very frequently, is that we start from a decision, or a belief, and then the stories that explain it come to our mind. And the sequence that we have when we think about thinking, that arguments come first and conclusions come later, that sequence is often reversed.

Conclusions come first, and rationalizations come later….” more from Daniel Kahneman  >>

Daniel Kahneman’s book on Thinking Fast and Slow is a very readable, non-technical purview of our mind’s often systematic thinking errors and how they are mainly due to “errors in the machinery of cognition (ie. biases, heuristics) rather than to the corruption of thought by emotion.”  Terrific book on understanding your own mental systems, as well as a “must-read” at the CIA.  You can get it on Amazon.